Deposit Formation and Prevention of Deposit Formation Biodiesel (EN 14214)

The project Deposit Formation and Prevention of Deposit Formation Biodiesel (DIN EN 14214) carried out at the University of Rostock to investigate the deposit formation tendency of biodiesel and diesel-biodiesel fuel blends was successfully completed.

The introduction of stricter emission limits requires constant further development of diesel engine combustion processes. In addition to raising the injection pressures and developing extremely efficient and low-loss injection components, complex injection strategies are used. To implement these strategies, highly functional and complex injectors with gaps of less than 4 μm are necessary. Even small deposits inside these injectors can have a considerable influence on the operating behavior. Increased emissions, rough engine running due to impairment in the timing of the injector or changed injection quantities, as well as severe engine damage due to permanently incorrectly injecting injectors or jammed valve needles would be conceivable.

Biodiesel of various origins (RME, SME, TME, UCOME) and mixtures of these FAMEs were used in the project. Various diesel-biodiesel fuel blends (B10 to B30) were also examined. For this purpose, the Diesel Deposit Formation Test (DDFT) developed in the FVV project JFTOT-Diesel-II was adapted to the fuels examined. The main focus was the low temperature range of up to 180 ° C, which is typical for the formation of internal diesel injector deposits (IDID - internal diesel injector deposits) and thus for the critical injector areas.

The test results show that when using biodiesel or biodiesel blends, generally no deposits occurred in the critical low temperature range. In addition, the results indicate that the tendency of diesel-biodiesel blends to form deposits decreases with increasing FAME content. The higher the biodiesel content, the lower the tendency to form deposits. This deposit-reducing effect can be seen both in the DDFT and in comparative test bench studies in open-loop mode.

In addition to the use of biodiesel, various additives and deposit builders were also examined for their deposit reducing or accelerating effect. In this way, the deposit-reducing effect of additives could be demonstrated. These results must be verified by tests on the injection system test bench.

The results of the project show once again that the use of biodiesel and higher biodiesel blends such as B10, B20 and B30 is already possible today under the current demanding technical conditions in order to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector and at the same time to reduce internal diesel injector deposits avoid.

The project was financed by Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualitätsmanagement Biodiesel e.V. (AGQM) and ERC Additive GmbH.

The research report is available for download.

Contact person: Dr. Richard Wicht